Müller-Lyer Illusion

 

 
 

 
 
     The center connecting line is seen as shorter in the top figure that in the lower figure. The figure below shows the line as it appears in both figures.
 

 
 
     The figure below shows both figures superimposed on one another in order to demonstrate in yet another way that the center line is of equal length in both figures.

 
 
     Additionally, the next figure shows all of the components of the two figures separately. Close your eyes and see if you can mentally put the components together and experience the illusion. I suspect that you can not. What might this tell us about the nature of the illusion ?

 
 
     Finally, below is an animation of the two figures. You probably experience the illusion even in this animated version. The animation involve superimposing the figures as we did above, but in this case the figures aren't both seen simultaneously.

 
 

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© Charles F. Schmidt