Rutgers School of Environmental and Biological Sciences [Dept. of Entomology]

Research publications and presentations of Albrecht Koppenhöfer

See also Extension Publications.

 Journal Articles (refereed)

  • Koppenhöfer A.M., Seshu Reddy K.V., Madel G. & Lubega M.C. 1992.  Predators of the banana weevil, Cosmopolites sordidus (Germar) (Col., Curculionidae) in western Kenya. J. Appl. Entomol. 114, 530-533.

  • Koppenhöfer A.M. 1993.  Observations on egg-laying behaviour of the banana weevil, Cosmopolites sordidus (Germar). Entomol. Exp. Appl. 68, 187-192.

  • Koppenhöfer A.M. 1993.  Egg predators of the banana weevil, Cosmopolites sordidus (Germar) (Col., Curculionidae) in western Kenya. J. Appl. Entomol. 116, 352-357.

  • Koppenhöfer A.M. & Schmutterer H. 1993.  Dactylosternum abdominale (F.)  (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae): A predator of the banana weevil. Biocontrol Sci. Technol. 3, 141-147.

  • Koppenhöfer A.M. 1994.  Observations on the bionomics of Thyreocephalus interocularis (Eppelsheim) (Col., Staphylinidae), a predator of the banana weevil. J. Appl. Entomol. 117, 388-392.

  • Koppenhöfer A.M. & Seshu Reddy K.V. 1994.  A comparison of rearing methods for the banana weevil, Cosmopolites sordidus (Germar) (Col.: Curcul.) on its natural host. Insect Sci. Applic. 15, 191-195.

  • Koppenhöfer A.M., Seshu Reddy K.V. & Sikora R.A. 1994.  Reduction of banana weevil populations with pseudostem traps. Int. J. Pest Management. 40, 300-304.

  • Koppenhöfer A.M., Sikora R.A. & Seshu Reddy K.V. 1995.  Eidonomy and ecology of Dactylosternum abdominale (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae), a predator of the banana weevil. Entomol. Gen. 19, 303-313.

  • Koppenhöfer A.M. 1995.  Bionomics of Euborellia annulipes (Dermaptera: Carcinophoridae) in Kenya. Entomol. Gen. 20, 81-85.

  • Koppenhöfer A.M., Kaya H.K & Taormino S.P. 1995.  Infectivity of entomopathogenic nematodes (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae) at different soil depths and moistures. J. Invertebr. Pathol. 65, 193-199.

  • Koppenhöfer A.M., Kaya H.K., Shanmugam S. & Woods G.L. 1995.  Interspecific competition between steinernematid nematodes within an insect host. J. Invertebr. Pathol. 66, 99-103.

  • Koppenhöfer A.M. & Kaya H.K. 1995. Density-dependent effects on Steinernema glaseri (Rhabditida; Steinernematidae) within an insect host.  J. Parasitol. 81, 797-799.

  • Koppenhöfer A.M., Baur M.E. & Kaya H.K. 1996.  Competition between two steinernematid nematode species for an insect host at different soil depths.  J. Parasitol. 82, 34-40.

  • Choo H.Y., Koppenhöfer A.M. & Kaya H.K. 1996.  A study of two entomopathogenic nematode species for suppression of an insect pest.  J. Econ. Entomol. 89, 97-103.

  • Koppenhöfer A.M. & Kaya H.K 1996.  Coexistence of entomopathogenic nematodes species (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae, Heterorhabditidae) with different foraging behavior.  Fund. Appl. Nematol. 19, 175-183.

  • Kaya H.K. & Koppenhöfer A.M. 1996.  Effects of microbial and other antagonistic organisms and competition on entomopathogenic nematodes.  Biocontrol Sci. Technol. 6, 357-371.

  • Koppenhöfer A.M., Jaffee B.A., Muldoon A.E., Strong D.R. & Kaya H.K. 1996.  Effect of nematode-trapping fungi on an entomopathogenic nematode originating from the same site in northern California. J. Invertebr. Pathol. 68, 246-252.

  • Koppenhöfer A.M. & Kaya H.K. 1996.  Coexistence of two steinernematid nematode species (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae) in the presence of two host species.  Appl. Soil. Ecol. 4, 221-230.

  • Koppenhöfer A.M., Jaffee B.A., Muldoon A.E. & Strong D.R. 1997.  Suppression of an entomopathogenic nematode by the nematode-trapping fungi Geniculifera paucispora and Monacrosporium eudermatum as affected by the nematode-trapping fungus Arthrobotrys oligospora Mycologia 89, 220-227.

  • Koppenhöfer A.M. & Kaya H.K. 1997.  Additive and synergistic interaction between entomopathogenic nematodes and Bacillus thuringiensis for scarab grub control.  Biol. Control 8, 131-137.

  • Koppenhöfer A.M., Baur M. E., Stock P.S., Choo H.Y., Chinnasri B. & Kaya H.K. 1997.  Persistence of entomopathogenic nematodes (Steinernematidae and Heterorhabditidae) inside host cadavers in dry soil. Appl. Soil. Ecol. 6, 231-240.

  • Koppenhöfer A.M., Campbell J.F., Kaya H.K. & Gaugler R. 1997.  Estimation of entomopathogenic nematode density in soil using the correlation between bait insect mortality and nematode penetration.  Fundam. App. Nematol. 21, 95-102.

  • Koppenhöfer A.M. & Kaya H.K. 1998.  Synergism of Imidacloprid and entomopathogenic nematodes: A novel approach to white grub control in turfgrass.  J. Econ. Entomol. 91, 618-623.

  • Koppenhöfer A.M., Choo H.Y., Kaya H.K., Lee D.W. & Gelernter W.D. 1999.  Increased field and greenhouse efficacy with a combination of entomopathogenic nematode and Bacillus thuringiensis against scarab grubs.  Biol. Control 14, 37-44.

  • Koppenhöfer A.M. & Kaya H.K.  1999.  Ecological characterization of Steinernema rarumJ. Invertebr. Pathol. 73, 120-128.

  • Campbell J. F., Koppenhöfer A. M., Kaya H. K. & Chinnasri B. 1999.  Are there temporarily non-infectious dauer stages in entomopathogenic nematode populations: a test of the phased infectivity hypothesis.  Parasitol. 118, 499-508.

  • Kaya H.K., Koppenhöfer A.M. & Johnson M. 1999. Natural enemies of entomopathogenic nematodes.  Jpn. J. Nematol. 28, 13-21.

  • Koppenhöfer A.M. & Kaya H.K. 2000.  Interactions of a nucleopolyhedrovirus with azadirachtin and imidacloprid.  J. Invertebr. Pathol. 75, 84-86.

  • Koppenhöfer A.M., Ganguly S. & Kaya H.K. 2000.  Ecological characterization of Steinernema monticolum, a cold-adapted entomopathogenic nematode from Korea. Nematol. 2, 407-416.

  • Koppenhöfer A.M. Wilson M.G., Brown I., Kaya H.K. & Gaugler R. 2000 Biological control agents for white grubs (Coleoptera: Scarabidae) in anticipation of the establishment of the Japanese beetle in California (J. Econom. Entomol. 93, 71-80.

  • Koppenhöfer A.M., Grewal P.S. & Kaya H.K. 2000. Synergism of entomopathogenic nematodes and imidacloprid against white grubs: the Mechanism.  Entomol. Experim. Applic. 94, 283-293.

  • Koppenhöfer A.M., Brown I., Gaugler R., Grewal P.S., Kaya H.K. & Klein M.G. 2000.  Synergism of entomopathogenic nematodes and imidacloprid against white grubs: greenhouse and field evaluation. Biol. Control 19, 245-251.

  • Hazir S., Stock S.P., Kaya H.K., Koppenhöfer A.M. & Keskin N. 2001.  Developmental temperature effects on five geographic isolates of the entomopathogenic nematodes, Steinernema feltiae (Nematoda: Steinernematidae). J. Invertebr. Pathol. 77, 243-250.

  • Koppenhöfer A.M., Cowles R.S., Cowles E.A., Fuzy E.M. & Baumgartner L. 2002.  Comparison of neonicotinoid insecticides as synergists for entomopathogenic nematodes. Biol. Control 24, 90-97.

  • Koppenhöfer A.M. & Fuzy E.M. 2002.  Lack of interaction of Paenibacillus popilliae and stilbene-derived optical brighteners in Japanese beetle larvae. BioControl 47, 707-714.

  • Koppenhöfer A.M., Cowles R.S., Cowles E.A., Fuzy E.M. & Kaya H.K. 2003.  Effect of neonicotinoid insecticide synergists on entomopathogenic nematode fitness.  Entomol. Exp. Appl. 106, 7-18.

  • Koppenhöfer A.M. & Fuzy E.M. 2003.  Effects of turfgrass endophytes (Clavicipitaceae: Ascomycetes) on white grub (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) control by the entomopathogenic nematode Heterorhabditis bacteriophora (Rhabditida: Heterorhabditidae).  Environ. Entomol. 32, 392-396.

  • Stock, S.P. & Koppenhöfer A.M. 2003.  Steinernema scarabaei n. sp. (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae), a natural pathogen of scarab larvae (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) from New Jersey.  Nematol. 5, 191-204.

  • Koppenhöfer A.M. & Fuzy E.M. 2003.  Ecological characterization of Steinernema scarabaei: a natural pathogen of scarab larvae.  J. Invertebr. Pathol. 83, 139-148.

  • Koppenhöfer A.M. & Fuzy E.M. 2003.  Steinernema scarabaei for the control of white grubs.  Biol. Control 28, 47-59.

  • Koppenhöfer A.M. & Fuzy E.M. 2003.  Biological and chemical control of the Asiatic garden beetle, Maladera castanea (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae).  J. Econ. Entomol. 96, 1076-1082.

  • Koppenhöfer A.M., Cowles R.S. & Fuzy E.M. 2003.  Effect of turfgrass endophytes (Clavicipitacea: Ascomycetes) on white grub (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) larval development and field populations.  Environ. Entomol. 32, 895-906.

  • Cappaert D.C.& Koppenhöfer A.M. 2003.  Steinernema scarabaei, an entomopathogenic nematode for control of the European chafer.  Biol. Control 28, 379-386.

  • Koppenhöfer A.M., Fuzy E.M., Crocker R., Gelernter W. & Polavarapu S. 2004.  Pathogenicity of Steinernema scarabaei, Heterorhabditis bacteriophora and S. glaseri to twelve white grub species.  Biocontrol Sci. Technol. 14, 87-92.

  • Koppenhöfer A.M. & Fuzy E.M. 2004.  Effect of white grub developmental stage on susceptibility to entomopathogenic nematodes.  J. Econ. Entomol. 97, 1842-1849.

  • Koppenhöfer A.M., Polavarapu S., Fuzy E.M., Zhang A., Ketner K., Larsen T. 2005.  Mating disruption of oriental beetle (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) in turfgrass using microencapsulated formulations of sex pheromone components.  Environ. Entomol. 34, 1408-1417.

  • Georgis R., Koppenhöfer A.M., Lacey L.A., Belair G., Duncan L.W., Grewal P.S., Samish M., Torr P., van Tol R.W.H.M. 2006.  Successes and Failures of Entomopathogenic Nematodes.  Biol. Control. 38, 103-123.

  • Koppenhöfer A.M., Fuzy E.M. 2006. Effect of soil type on infectivity and persistence of the entomopathogenic nematodes Steinernema scarabaei, Steinernema glaseri, Heterorhabditis zealandica, and Heterorhabditis bacteriophoraJ. Invertebr. Pathol. 92, 11-22.

  • Koppenhöfer A.M., Grewal P. S., Fuzy E.M. 2006.  Virulence of the entomopathogenic nematodes Heterorhabditis bacteriophora, H. zealandica, and Steinernema scarabaei against five white grub species (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) of economic importance in turfgrass in North AmericaBiol. Control. 38, 397-404.

  • Koppenhöfer A.M., Fuzy E.M. 2007.  Soil moisture effects on infectivity and persistence of the entomopathogenic nematodes Steinernema scarabaei, Steinernema glaseri, Heterorhabditis zealandica, and Heterorhabditis bacteriophoraAppl. Soil Ecol. 35, 128-139.

  • Koppenhöfer A.M., Grewal P. S., Fuzy E.M. 2007.  Differences in penetration routes and establishment rates of four entomopathogenic nematode species into four white grub species.  J. Invertebr. Pathol. 35, 128-139.

  • Polavarapu S., Koppenhöfer A.M., Barry J.D., Holdcraft R.J., Fuzy E.M. 2007.  Entomopathogenic nematodes and neonicotinoids for remedial control of oriental beetle, Anomala orientalis (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae), in highbush blueberry.  Crop Protection 26, 1266-1271.

  • Koppenhöfer A.M., Rodriguez-Saona C.R., Polavarapu S., Holdcraft R.J. 2008. Entomopathogenic nematodes for control of Phyllophaga georgiana (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) in cranberries.  Biocontrol Sci. Technol. 18, 21-31.

  • Koppenhöfer A.M., Fuzy E.M. 2008.  Effects of chlorantraniliprole on Heterorhabditis bacteriophora (Rhabditida: Heterorhabditidae) efficacy against and reproduction in white grubs (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae).  Biol. Control 45, 93-102.

  • Koppenhöfer A.M., Fuzy E.M. 2008.  Early timing and new combinations to increase the efficacy of neonicotinoid-entomopathogenic nematodes (Rhabditida: Heterorhabditidae) combinations against white grubs (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae).  Pest Manag. Sci. 64, 725–735.

  • McGraw B.A., Koppenhöfer A.M. 2008.  Evaluation of two endemic and five commercial entomopathogenic nematode species (Rhabditida: Heterorhabditidae and Steinernematidae) against annual bluegrass weevil (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) larvae and adults.  Biol. Control. 46, 467-475.

  • Koppenhöfer A.M., Fuzy E.M. 2008.  Attraction of four entomopathogenic nematode species to four white grub species.  J. Invertebr. Pathol. 99, 227-234.

  • Koppenhöfer A.M., Behle R.W., Dunlap C., Fisher J., Laird C., Vittum P.J. 2008.  Pellet formulations of sex pheromone components for mating disruption of oriental beetle (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) in turfgrass.  Environ. Entomol. 37, 1126-1135.

  • Behle R.W., Cossé A.A., Dunlap C., Fisher J., Koppenhöfer A.M. 2008.  Developing wax-based granule formulations for mating disruption of oriental beetles (Coleoptera:  Scarabaeidae) in turfgrass.  J. Econ. Entomol. 101, 1856-1863.

  • McGraw B.A., Koppenhöfer A.M. 2009.  Population dynamics and interactions between endemic entomopathogenic nematodes and annual bluegrass weevil populations in golf course turfgrass.  Appl. Soil Ecol. 41, 77-89.

  • Koppenhöfer A.M., Fuzy E.M. 2009.  Long-term effects and persistence of Steinernema scarabaei applied for suppression of Anomala orientalis (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae).  Biol. Control. 48, 63-72.

  • Robbins P., Roelofs W., Polavarapu S., Rodriguez-Saona C., Koppenhöfer A.M. 2009.  Sex pheromone of the scarab beetle Phyllophaga (Phytalus) georgiana (Horn).  J. Chem. Ecol. 35, 336-441.

  • McGraw B.A., Koppenhöfer A.M. 2009.  Binomial sequential sampling plans for forecasting Listronotus maculicollis (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) larval damage to golf course turfgrass.  J. Econ. Entomol. 102, 1325-1335.

  • Bélair G., Koppenhöfer A.M., Dionne J., Simard L. 2010. Current and potential use of pathogens in the management of turfgrass insects as affected by new pesticide regulations in North AmericaInt. J. Pest Manag. 56, 51-60.

  • McGraw B.A., Cowles R., Vittum P.J., Koppenhöfer A.M. 2010.  Field evaluation of entomopathogenic nematodes for the biological control of the annual bluegrass weevil, Listronotus maculicollis (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in golf course turfgrass.  Biocontrol Sci. Technol. 20: 149-163.

  • McGraw B.A., Koppenhöfer A.M. 2010.  Spatial distribution of colonizing Listronotus maculicollis populations: implications for targeted management and host preference.  J. Appl. Entomol. 134, 275-284

  • McGraw B.A., Szendrei Z., Holdcraft R., Rodriguez-Saona C., Koppenhöfer A.M. 2011.  Behavioral and electrophysiological responses of Listronotus maculicollis (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) to volatiles from intact and mechanically damaged annual bluegrass.  Environ. Entomol. 40, 412-419.

  • Ebssa L., Koppenhöfer A.M. 2011.  Efficacy and persistence of entomopathogenic nematodes for black cutworm control in turfgrass.  Biocontrol Sci. Technol. 21, 779-796.

   Book chapters

  • Koppenhöfer A.M. 2000.  Nematodes.  In: Field manual of techniques for the application and evaluation of entomopathogens (L. Lacey & H. Kaya, Eds.), pp.283-301.  Kluwer, Dordrecht, The Netherlands.
  • Koppenhöfer A.M. & Kaya H.K. 2001.  Entomopathogenic nematodes and insect pest management.  In: Advances in Biopesticide research, Vol. 2 (O. Koul, Ed.), pp.277-305.  Harwood Academic Publishers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
  • Shapiro, D.I, Gouge D. and Koppenhöfer A.M. 2002.  Factors affecting field efficacy: analysis of case studies in cotton, turf, and citrus.  In: Entomopathogenic Nematology (R. Gaugler, Ed.), pp.333-356. CABI Publishing, Wallingford, UK.
  • Koppenhöfer A.M. 2003. Synergy with microorganisms.  In: Encyclopedia of pest management (D. Pimentel, Ed.).  Marcel Dekker, New York, NY.
  • Kaya H.K. & Koppenhöfer A.M. 2004. Biological control of insects and other invertebrates with nematodes.  In: Nematology, Advances and Perspectives (Z.X. Chen, S.Y. Chen & D.W. Dickson, Eds.), pp.1083-1132.  CABI Publishing, Wallingford, UK.
  • Koppenhöfer A.M. & Grewal P. S. 2005.  Interactions and compatibility of EPN with other control agents.  In: Nematodes as Biocontrol Agents (P.S. Grewal, R.-U. Ehlers, D. Shapiro-Ilan, Eds.). pp.363-381.  CABI Publishing, Wallingford, UK.
  • Grewal P. S., Koppenhöfer A.M., Choo H.Y. 2005.  Turfgrass and pasture pests.  In: Nematodes as Biocontrol Agents (P.S. Grewal, R.-U. Ehlers, D. Shapiro-Ilan, Eds.), pp.115-146.  CABI Publishing, Wallingford, UK.
  • Melo E.L.M., Ortega C.A.O., Gaigl A., Koppenhöfer A.M., Belotti A.C. 2006.  Evaluación de patogenicidad e infección de la nueva especie Steinernema scarabaei Stock & Koppenhöfer (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae) sobre la chisa rizófaga Phyllophaga pos. bicolor (Evaluation of the pathogenicity of the new species Steinernema scarabaei Stock & Koppenhöfer (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae) against the root-feeding grub Phyllophaga pos. bicolor.  In: Nematodos Entomoparásitos: Experiencias y perspectivas (J.C. Parada S., J.E. Luque Z., W. de J. Piedrahíta C., Eds.), pp.127-136.  Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia.
  • Klein M.G., Grewal P.S., Jackson T.A., Koppenhöfer A.M. 2007.  Lawn, turf and grassland pests.  In: Field manual of techniques for the application and evaluation of entomopathogens, 2nd Edition (L. Lacey & H. Kaya, Eds.), pp.655-675.  Kluwer, Dordrecht, The Netherlands.
  • Koppenhöfer A.M. 2007.  Nematodes.  In: Field manual of techniques for the application and evaluation of entomopathogens, 2nd Edition (L. Lacey & H. Kaya, Eds.), pp.249-264.  Kluwer, Dordrecht, The Netherlands.
  • Koppenhöfer A.M. 2007.  Microbial control of turfgrass insects.  In: Handbook of Turfgrass Management and Physiology (M. Pessarakli, Ed.), pp.299-314.  CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL.
  • Koppenhöfer A.M. 2007.  Integrated pest management of white grubs.  In: Handbook of Turfgrass Management and Physiology (M. Pessarakli, Ed.), pp.315-334.  CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL.
  • McGraw BA, Koppenhöfer A.M. 2007.  Biology and management of the annual bluegrass weevil, Listronotus maculicollis (Coleoptera: Curculionidae).  In: Handbook of Turfgrass Management and Physiology (M. Pessarakli, Ed.), pp.335-350.  CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL.

   Patents

 

   Journal Articles (non-refereed)

  • Koppenhöfer A.M. 2002.  Turfgrass insect control: choices & timing for lawn & landscape turf. Clippings & Green World 47, Summer, 19-21.
  • Koppenhöfer A.M., McGraw B.A. 2006.  Management of the annual bluegrass weevil on golf courses:  Developing new approaches. Clippings & Green World 61, Winter, 20-22.
  • Koppenhöfer A.M., Polavarapu S., Fuzy E.M., Zhang A., Ketner K., Larsen T.  2006. Mating disruption of oriental beetle with sprayable sex pheromone formulations.  USGA Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online 5 (15), 1-8.
  • Koppenhöfer A.M., Fuzy E.M. 2006.  Nematodes for white grub control: effects of soil type and soil moisture on infectivity and persistence.  USGA Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online 5 (18), 1-10.
  • Koppenhöfer A.M., Polavarapu S., Fuzy E.M., Zhang A., Ketner K., Larsen T. 2007.  Mating disruption of oriental beetle.  USGA Green Section Record 45 (1), 20-24.
  • Koppenhöfer A.M., Fuzy E.M., 2007.  Nematodes for white grub control. USGA Green Section Record 45 (2), 26-31.
  • Koppenhöfer A.M. 2007.  The prospects of using mating disruption for management of the oriental beetle. Clippings & Green World 65, Winter, 20-22.
  • Koppenhöfer A.M. 2007.  Sprayable sex pheromones disrupt oriental beetle mating.  Golfdom October 2007, 62-66.
  • Koppenhöfer A.M., McGraw B.A. 2008.  Preventive ABW programs can encourage resistance.  Golfdom-Turfgrass Trends April 2008, 79-84.
  • Cowles R.S., Koppenhöfer A.M., McGraw B.A., Alm S.R., Ramoutar D., Peck D.C., Vittum P., Heller P., Swier S. 2008. Insights into managing annual bluegrass weevils.  USGA Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online 7 (15), 1-11.
  • Cowles R.S., Koppenhöfer A.M., McGraw B.A., Alm S.R., Ramoutar D., Peck D.C., Vittum P., Heller P., Swier S. 2008. Insights into managing annual bluegrass weevils.  Golf Course Management, August 2008, 86-92.
  • Buckley R.J., Koppenhöfer A.M., Crow W.T. 2008.  An integrated approach to nematode management in turfgrass. Clippings & Green World 70, Summer 2008, 6-22.
  • Koppenhöfer A.M. 2009.  Integrated management of important turfgrass insect pests in New Jersey. Clippings & Green World 72, Spring 2009, 6-7.
  • McGraw B.A., Koppenhöfer A.M. 2009.  Exploring biocontrol of annual bluegrass weevil.  USGA Green Section Record. 47 (2), 11-13.
  • Koppenhöfer A.M. 2010.  Best management practices for white grubs in landscape turf. The New Jersey Landscape contractor, Fall 2010, 11-13.
  • McGraw B.A., Vittum P.J., Cowles R.S., Koppenhöfer A.M. 2011.  Nematodes for biological control of annual bluegrass weevil.  Golf Course Management, February 2011, 88-94.
  • McGraw B.A., Koppenhöfer A.M. 2011.  Annual bluegrass weevils: distribution and damage.  Golf Course Management, March 2011, 92-98.
  • Koppenhöfer A.M. 2011.  Optimal use of new(er) insecticidal chemistries to reduce labor and 'pesticide load' of the environment. Clippings & Green World 79, Summer 2011, 16-17.

 

-----